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ASM disk creation

Topic ID: 2638
Created By: 2007-SEP-22 06:19:14 [Mson77dba]
Updated By: 2007-SEP-27 22:12:53 [Vitaliy]
Status: Open
Severity: Normal
Read Only: No
8311
2007-SEP-22 06:19:14
User
 
 
Registered On: Sep 2007
Total Posts: 17
Hello,

My environment is Fedora 7 (kernel 2.6.22.5-76.fc7) and I have oracle 10g (v 
10.2.0.1 32bit) installed.
I have 03 disks installed. They are:
/dev/sda
/dev/sdb (unused)
/dev/sdc (unused)

The device /dev/sda is being used by Fedora7.
The other 2 devices ("b" and "c") I want use them as ASM. They are not 
partitioned yet. Just visible to fedora when "fdisk -l" command is issued.

To make them available as ASM disks... I have to download the utilities:

==> oracleasm-support
==> oracleasmlib
==> oracleasm 

As oracle does not support Fedora7... how can I go on? I mean, how can I get 
oracleasm/oracleasmlib/oracleasm-support? No way?

Well... if ASM is not possible with Fedora7... any suggestion to implement 
shared disk architecture? Should I use OCFS2? Is it possible on Fedora7? I 
guess it is the same case as ASM.

No way for Fedora7...(to create shared disk architecture)?

Thank you!



mson77
[edited by: Mson77dba at 06:23 (CST) on Sep. 22, 2007]
8314
2007-SEP-22 10:07:45
Moderator
 
 
Registered On: Mar 2006
Total Posts: 194
Welcome back mson77!

If you are _not_ planning to run Oracle RAC then you do not need ASM at all.  
Just "cook" these drives using Fedora's fdisk and present them to oracle as a 
native file systems.

If you are planning to run Oracle RAC/ASM then I would suggest downloading 
Oracle's Enterprise Linux (repackaged Red Hat) here:

   http://edelivery.oracle.com/linux

you'll be much better off with their distribution.

- Vitaliy
8315
2007-SEP-22 11:02:11
User
 
 
Registered On: Sep 2007
Total Posts: 17
Hello Vitaliy,

I always appreciate a lot you very kind and helpful information.

My experiences are done at home.
I am studying oracle since last month... reading, implementing and testing to 
become familiar with this oracle world.

My target is to create a RAC environment... and then my first barrier was 
"installing shared disk"... and as ASM is a well marketed method... I am trying 
to use this method. I have read that maybe ASM will take place of OCFS.

Maybe should I use raw devices? Do you have any opinion about using raw 
devices?

Regards,


mson77
8316
2007-SEP-22 12:07:59
Moderator
 
 
Registered On: Mar 2006
Total Posts: 194
Mson77,

I understand that you want to learn and test Oracle RAC.  Here's the problem - 
Oracle RAC is a major undertaking - Major with a capital M.  

Oracle RAC will require a lot of your time (investment) so what good does it do 
to you to learn in on a platform that is not even close to what Oracle supports 
for production use?

Lets say you get this (Fedora/Oracle) to work and then you'll want to propose 
this solution to your employer or a customer ... what are you going to tell 
them?  "I know RAC - I tested it on XYZ but XYZ is not really supported but 
don't worry I'll make it work for you ..."

Does it sound professional?

I don't mean to sound negative I just want you to ask yourself some hard 
questions ...

Here's where I stand on RAC today - I've been researching it for 10 months, 
reading sample installs, testing Oracle 10gR2 on Linux, reading up on hardware 
platforms, SAN's, NAS, Pillar, NetAPP etc..  Evaluating NetAPP vs Pillar.

After all of this research we have decided to implement Oracle RAC on Dell PE 
2950's attached via HBA's to Pillar Axiom 500.  We are in final stages of 
starting our hardware build and by November I think we'll start laying down 
Oracle software.  By then I'll be able to provide more hands on feedback on 
Oracle RAC.  Right now I can only help you with my research (See below):

Install 10g RAC on Linux
Oracle 10gR2 Documentation Page:
   http://www.oracle.com/pls/db102/homepage

Installing Oracle Database 10g Release 2 on Linux x86
   http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/smiley_10gdb_install.html

Installing Oracle RAC 10g Release 2 on Linux x86
   http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/smiley_rac10g_install.html

Build Your Own Oracle RAC 10g Release 2 Cluster on Linux and iSCSI
   http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/hunter_rac10gr2_iscsi.html

Installing Oracle Database 10g with Real Application Cluster (RAC) on 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server 3
   http://www.puschitz.com/InstallingOracle10gRAC.shtml

Oracle EL (Enterprise Linux based on REDHAT Linux)
   http://edelivery.oracle.com/linux

FireWire driver for Oracle EL
   http://oss.oracle.com/projects/firewire/files/Oracle/EL4/


Oracle 10gR2 on Linux x86
Here are my install tests so far

## Install Oracle 10gR2 on Oracle Enterprise Linux 4 (Red Hat Linux 4)
## 
## Based on http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/smiley_10gdb_install.html#oracle
##

##
## Verify Hardware
##

## determine the physical RAM size:
## (At least 1024 MB of physical RAM)
##

[root@bosco software]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:      1034176 kB


## determine the size of the configured swap space
## (1.5 times of RAM)
##

[root@bosco software]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal:     5116692 kB


## determine the amount of disk space available in the /tmp directory
## (at least 400m)
##

[root@bosco software]# df -k /tmp
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda1             14199816   3744580   9733920  28% /


## amount of free disk space on the system
## (at least 1.5gb for software files)
##

[root@bosco software]# df -k
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda1             14199816   3744580   9733920  28% /
none                    517088         0    517088   0% /dev/shm


## determine whether the system architecture can run the software
## 

[root@bosco software]# grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo
model name      : Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 2.00GHz




##
## Checking the Software Requirements
##

## determine which distribution and version of Linux is installed
## see http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/install.102/b15660/pre_install.htm#sthref111
## for the list of supported Linux installations
## (in our case it's Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 "Oracle's EL cut")
##

[root@bosco software]# cat /etc/issue
Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (October Update 4)
Kernel \r on an \m


## determine whether the required kernel is installed
## (for our Red Hat based Oracle EL 4.0 we must be on 2.6.9-5.EL or above)
##

[root@bosco software]# uname -r
2.6.9-42.0.0.0.1.EL

Explanation of the above:
   kernel version (2.6.9)
   errata level (42.0.0.0.1.EL)
   

## determine whether the required packages are installed
##
## we should have the following packages (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0):
##    binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.EL4
##    compat-db-4.1.25-9
##    compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-132.7.2
##    control-center-2.8.0-12
##    gcc-3.4.3-22.1.EL4
##    gcc-c++-3.4.3-22.1.EL44
##    glibc-2.3.4-2.9
##    glibc-common-2.3.4-2.9
##    gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
##    libstdc++-3.4.3-22.1
##    libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-22.1
##    make-3.80-5
##    pdksh-5.2.14-30
##    sysstat-5.0.5-1
##    xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
##    setarch-1.6-1
##

## note you should use compat-libstdc++-33 instead of compat-libstdc++ when 
querying RPMs
##    see http://dbatoolz.orapros.com/tp/1756.package_compat-libstdc_is_not_installed.html
##

rpm -q binutils compat-db compat-libstdc++-33 \
       control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc \
       glibc-common gnome-libs libstdc++ \
       libstdc++-devel make pdksh \
       sysstat xscreensaver setarch libaio

[root@bosco RPMS]# rpm -q binutils compat-db compat-libstdc++-33 \
>        control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc \
>        glibc-common gnome-libs libstdc++ \
>        libstdc++-devel make pdksh \
>        sysstat xscreensaver setarch libaio
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-21
compat-db-4.1.25-9
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-47.3
control-center-2.8.0-12.rhel4.5
gcc-3.4.6-3.1
gcc-c++-3.4.6-3.1
glibc-2.3.4-2.25
glibc-common-2.3.4-2.25
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.2
libstdc++-3.4.6-3.1
libstdc++-devel-3.4.6-3.1
make-3.80-6.EL4
pdksh-5.2.14-30.3
package sysstat is not installed
xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.12
setarch-1.6-1
package libaio is not installed

we have TWO pkg missing:

   sysstat
   libaio

NOTE:
   libaio is only needed for the Demo database install

put in the Third CD that you download from Oracle edelivery and install:
    sysstat-5.0.5-11.rhel4.i386.rpm
    libaio-0.3.105-2.i386.rpm

[root@bosco RPMS]# pwd
/media/cdrecorder/Enterprise/RPMS

[root@bosco RPMS]# rpm -iv sysstat-5.0.5-11.rhel4.i386.rpm
warning: sysstat-5.0.5-11.rhel4.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 
b38a8516
Preparing packages for installation...
sysstat-5.0.5-11.rhel4
[root@bosco RPMS]#

[root@bosco RPMS]# rpm -iv libaio-0.3.105-2.i386.rpm
warning: libaio-0.3.105-2.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID b38a8516
Preparing packages for installation...
libaio-0.3.105-2

[root@bosco RPMS]# rpm -q sysstat
sysstat-5.0.5-11.rhel4

[root@bosco RPMS]# rpm -q libaio
libaio-0.3.105-2


##
## Checking the Network Setup
##


## Verify that the /etc/hosts file is used for name resolution
## (files should be before dns)
##

[root@bosco ~]# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf | grep hosts
#hosts:     db files ldap nis dns
hosts:      files dns

## Verify that the host name has been set
##

[root@bosco ~]# hostname
bosco.sub.yourdomain.com

## Verify that the domain name has not been set
## (command should not return any results)
##

[root@bosco ~]# domainname
(none)

## Verify that the hosts file contains the fully qualified host name
## (fully qualified host name should be listed BEFORE the short-cut alias)
##

[root@bosco ~]# cat /etc/hosts | grep `eval hostname`
198.206.187.47  bosco.sub.yourdomain.com   bosco



##
## Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users
##

## verify there's no existing Oracle install
##
[root@bosco ~]# more /etc/oraInst.loc
/etc/oraInst.loc: No such file or directory

## create oracle groups and users
##

/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle


## create oracle home dirs
##

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

vi /etc/passwd
---- change home directory as follows -----
oracle:x:500:500::/u01/app/oracle:/bin/ksh
:x

## test oracle can login

[root@bosco ~]# su - oracle
$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle
$ id
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)


## Set the password of the oracle user
##

[root@bosco ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.


## Verify that the User nobody Exists
##

[root@bosco ~]# id nobody
uid=99(nobody) gid=99(nobody) groups=99(nobody)



##
## Configuring Kernel Parameters
##

## if this is a new Linux install just do the following to set it all up
## otherwise verify these are correctly set
##

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
EOF

[root@bosco ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144


## Set Shell Limits for the oracle User
##

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
EOF

cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF
session    required     /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session    required     pam_limits.so
EOF

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then
        if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
              ulimit -p 16384
              ulimit -n 65536
        else
              ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
fi
EOF

cat >> /etc/csh.login <<EOF
if ( \$USER == "oracle" ) then
        limit maxproc 16384
        limit descriptors 65536
endif
EOF




##
## Setup ORACLE_HOME, ORACLE_BASE and database file directories
##

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
mkdir /u01/oradata
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/oradata
chmod 775 /u01/oradata

mkdir /u01/flash_recovery_area
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/flash_recovery_area
chmod 775 /u01/flash_recovery_area

su - oracle
vi .profile
------------ insert the following ------------
## Setting the ORACLE_HOSTNAME Environment Variable
## NOTE:
##    allthough it's not required I think it's best to set this
##    to avoid any ambiguity in the future if we decide to add
##    multiple NICs or if we will have Virtual host type setup
##
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=bosco.sub.yourdomain.com; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=X10G; export ORACLE_SID
umask 022
DISPLAY=198.206.187.158:0.0 ; export DISPLAY ## that's zephir ...
set -o vi
PS1="`/bin/hostname`.$ORACLE_SID-> "


## verify umask:
##
su - oracle
bosco.sub.yourdomain.com.X10G-> umask
022



##
## Installing Oracle Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2.0.1.0) 
##

## download 10201_database_linux32.zip  from
##   http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/oracle10g/htdocs/10201linuxsoft.html

bosco.sub.yourdomain.com.X10G-> pwd
/u01/app/oracle/software
bosco.sub.yourdomain.com.X10G-> ls -lta
total 653716
drwxrwxr-x  3 oracle oinstall      4096 Feb 27 18:54 ..
-rwxrwxr-x  1 oracle oinstall 668734007 Feb 23 19:27 10201_database_linux32.zip
drwxrwxr-x  2 oracle oinstall      4096 Feb 23 19:25 .

unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip


## start install
##
/u01/app/oracle/software/database/runInstaller


## First lets test Started Database 
## which will go into /u01/app/oracle/oradata/X10G/ (hardwired by installer)
##

Select Installation Method
   (o) Basic Installation
     Oracle Home Location:    /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
     Installation type:       Enterprise Edition
     UNIX DBA Group:        oinstall
     [x] Create Starter Database
         Global Database Name: X10G
         Database Password: demo1
Next

Specify Inventory directory and credentials
   /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
   oinstall
Next


Product-Specific Prereqs. Checks
  all should have status Succeded
Next

Sumary
  Review
Install [7:36 -- 7:51]

Database Configuration Assistant
  Review Summary of Database Configuration
  Database Control URL:
     http://bosco.sub.yourdomain.com:1158/em [sys/demo1]
Ok

Run the following scripts as root:
   /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
   /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh

[root@bosco oraInventory]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
[root@bosco db_1]#


[root@bosco db_1]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
[root@bosco db_1]#


NOTE:
   /var/opt/oracle file are now in /etc/ora*:

[root@bosco db_1]# ls -l /etc/ora*
-rw-r--r--  1 root   root  63 Feb 27 20:00 /etc/oraInst.loc
-rw-rw-r--  1 oracle root 721 Feb 27 20:01 /etc/oratab

Click OK (on the Execute Config scripts as root window)


                          THE END OF INSTALL


Configuration Details:

[root@bosco install]# cat /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/install/readme.txt
The following J2EE Applications have been deployed and are accessible at the 
URLs listed below.

iSQL*Plus URL:
http://bosco.sub.yourdomain.com:5560/isqlplus

iSQL*Plus DBA URL:
http://bosco.sub.yourdomain.com:5560/isqlplus/dba

Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control URL:
http://bosco.sub.yourdomain.com:1158/em


[root@bosco install]# cat /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/install/portlist.ini
iSQL*Plus HTTP port number =5560
Enterprise Manager Console HTTP Port (X10G) = 1158
Enterprise Manager Agent Port (X10G) = 3938
[root@bosco install]#
[edited by: Vitaliy at 12:35 (CST) on Sep. 22, 2007]
8320
2007-SEP-22 14:38:26
User
 
 
Registered On: Sep 2007
Total Posts: 17
Hello Vitaliy,

Thank you for your clearness and completeness.

Regarding:
>"on Dell PE 2950's attached via HBA's to Pillar Axiom 500"
==> How many Dell PE 2950 you will use with Pillar Axiom 500?
==> How many Pillar Axiom 500? Just 01?
==> This kind of architecture/infrastructure targets what kind of needs? I 
mean... it will be used to provide what?

Regards,


mson77
8322
2007-SEP-22 15:00:24
Moderator
 
 
Registered On: Mar 2006
Total Posts: 194
Mson77,

Our Pillar Axiom will consist of the following:

   1 x SAN Slammer (500-SAN-4G)
   1 x Pilot console
   2 x FC Brick RAID

Each FC Brick has 12 146GB/15K RPM Drives giving us a total of 2.8TB usable 
space.

We were supposed to get 3 Dell 2950's but might have to go with only 2 for now.

This is our pilot (test) system.  Our objective is to evaluate performance, 
maintenance and overall stability of the system.  We are mostly Sun shop so 
we'll be comparing performance of this system against our current Sun v890's.

If this proves to be a flop we'll just use Pillar storage for other needs and 
reuse Dell 2950's elsewhere.  If this proves to be a valuable solution we might 
start putting some of our less critical production systems on it to see how it 
fairs in real production environment.

Regards,
- Vitaliy
8323
2007-SEP-22 16:24:25
User
 
 
Registered On: Sep 2007
Total Posts: 17
Hello Vitaliy,

Woww... what a system!!! Big boy system!
I wish SUCESS to YOU!!!

Thank you!


mson77
PS: If you have any news... please let me know too!
8324
2007-SEP-22 17:55:21
Moderator
 
 
Registered On: Mar 2006
Total Posts: 194
> I wish SUCESS to YOU!!!

Thanks!

> PS: If you have any news... please let me know too!

No problem.
8343
2007-SEP-27 19:26:08
User
 
 
Registered On: Sep 2007
Total Posts: 17
Hello Vitaliy....


Did you see this?
http://www.fusionio.com/iodrivedata.pdf

Regards,


mson77
8346
2007-SEP-27 19:52:23
Moderator
 
 
Registered On: Mar 2006
Total Posts: 194
I wonder what's the catch?  Price?

    "FusionIO drive is a solid state drive (SSD) that holds 
    about 700 Gbytes of data and can do 100,000 IOPS."

I like the idea, in fact I just bought a new Sony DigiCam that uses flash 
memory instead of a tape or a drive.

Lets see what the price is going to be - I am really curious.
8347
2007-SEP-27 19:57:54
User
 
 
Registered On: Sep 2007
Total Posts: 17
Hello Vitaliy,

I have no idea about pricing.
But I read that SSD (solid state disk) offer is growing.

See this:
http://www.superssd.com/

Regards,


mson77
8348
2007-SEP-27 20:12:23
Moderator
 
 
Registered On: Mar 2006
Total Posts: 194
> But I read that SSD (solid state disk) offer is growing.
> 

Definitely - it's the future.  I think what's holding everything back is the 
cost.

> See this:
> http://www.superssd.com/
> 

From what I understand RamSan-500 has paired DDR-based solid state disk devices 
with "cheaper" flash memory.  In their setup DDR is used as a write cache to 
overcome slow writes to the flash memory which is used for storage (just like 
HDD's are used now).  Reads are dispatched directly to flash memory.  I guess 
this reduces the cost.

I have not researched this until now but - but here's their write-up on Oracle:

   http://www.texmemsys.com/files/f000139.pdf

Regards,
- Vitaliy
8349
2007-SEP-27 20:31:02
User
 
 
Registered On: Sep 2007
Total Posts: 17
Hello Vitaliy,

See this:
http://www.fusionio.com/demo.html

Regards,


mson77
8352
2007-SEP-27 21:57:05
Moderator
 
 
Registered On: Mar 2006
Total Posts: 194
> See this:
> http://www.fusionio.com/demo.html
> 

Pretty funny - this guy is like a stand up comedian - great way to keep 
everyone awake.

He also made a good mock-up of what our SAN system will look like :-)  One 
thing remains unanswered though - how much does it cost?
8355
2007-SEP-27 22:12:53
Moderator
 
 
Registered On: Mar 2006
Total Posts: 194
> He also made a good mock-up of what our SAN system will look like :-)

I started a new thread to post updates on our Pillar implementation - we just 
received the boxes:

   Oracle on Pillar storage implementation